Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide, Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, that joins the adrenocorticotropic hormone fragment ACTH(4-7) to a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide; it is described in the literature as an analogue of ACTH(4-10). It is a different compound from N-acetyl Semax, which carries an acetylated N-terminus and has its own profile. Published work, largely from groups in Moscow, comprises rodent studies of neurotrophin expression, rat models of focal cerebral ischaemia with transcriptome-wide analyses, neurochemical studies of monoamine systems, and in vitro work on copper binding.