Research Peptide · For laboratory research use only
Also known as KPV/GHK-Cu/BPC-157/TB-500 Blend
KLOW is a four-peptide blend supplied in a single vial: KPV (10 mg), GHK-Cu (50 mg), BPC-157 (10 mg) and TB-500 (10 mg). Each constituent has its own published literature. No published study of this four-peptide combination was identified, so the literature summarised here concerns the individual constituents.
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the melanocortin-derived tripeptide alpha-MSH(11-13), studied in intestinal epithelial and immune cell culture and in mouse colitis models6,7. GHK-Cu is the copper(II) complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, studied in rat wound models1. BPC-157 is a synthetic pentadecapeptide studied mainly in rodent tendon and angiogenesis models2,3. TB-500 is a name used for synthetic thymosin beta-48, a 43-residue actin-sequestering peptide4,5.
As described in the research literature
As described in the research literature, KPV inhibited activation of NF-kappaB and MAP kinase inflammatory signalling and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in human intestinal epithelial cells and T cells, and its uptake was mediated by the di- and tripeptide transporter PepT16. In mouse colitis models, including mice expressing a non-functional melanocortin-1 receptor, its effects appeared to be at least partially independent of MC1R signalling7.
GHK-Cu was associated with increases in collagen, glycosaminoglycan and total protein content and in type I and type III collagen mRNA in a rat wound chamber model1. BPC-157 has been studied in transected rat Achilles tendon healing2 and associated with VEGFR2 expression, internalisation and Akt-eNOS activation in endothelial models3. Thymosin beta-4 forms a 1:1 complex with actin monomers and inhibits their polymerisation4, and in a rat full-thickness wound model it was associated with increased re-epithelialisation, collagen deposition and angiogenesis5.
What published studies have examined
Cytokine-stimulated Caco2-BBE, HT29-Cl.19A and Jurkat cells were used with NF-kappaB reporter, Western blot, RT-PCR and ELISA readouts, alongside PepT1 uptake kinetics and DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis in mice6. Separate work used DSS colitis, CD45RBhi transfer colitis and MC1R-deficient mice, measuring weight change, histology and myeloperoxidase activity7.
Rat wound chamber studies examined connective tissue accumulation and collagen mRNA with GHK-Cu1. Thymosin beta-4 was examined in a rat full-thickness wound model and in keratinocyte migration assays5, following biochemical characterisation of its actin binding4.
Rat Achilles tendon transection studies used biomechanical, functional and microscopic measures alongside cultured tendocytes2. Angiogenesis was examined in chorioallantoic membrane and tube formation assays and in a rat hind limb ischaemia model3.
The only combined-constituent study identified is a 2026 rat Achilles tendon transection-repair study comparing BPC-157, synthetic thymosin beta-4 (TB-500) and the two together; the authors reported no additional effect of the combination over either peptide alone on the measures used8. KPV and GHK-Cu were not part of that study.
Sources [8]
In vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental wounds.
Maquart FX, Bellon G, Chaqour B, et al. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1993.
Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth.
Staresinic M, Sebecic B, Patrlj L, et al. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2003.
Therapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation.
Hsieh MJ, Liu HT, Wang CN, et al. Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2017.
Thymosin beta 4 and Fx, an actin-sequestering peptide, are indistinguishable.
Safer D, Elzinga M, Nachmias VT The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1991.
Thymosin beta4 accelerates wound healing.
Malinda KM, Sidhu GS, Mani H, et al. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1999.
PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation.
Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, Nguyen HT, et al. Gastroenterology, 2008.
Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease.
Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, et al. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2008.
Effects of BPC-157 and TB-500 on Achilles tendon healing in rats: A histopathological and biomechanical study.
Biçer O, Adanir O, Güleryüz Y, et al. Joint Diseases and Related Surgery, 2026.
This page is provided for research and educational reference only. It does not constitute medical advice, dosing guidance, or a recommendation for use. All compounds are strictly for laboratory and in-vitro research purposes.